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Introduction
Journal Editorial Board:Editorial Board of Uranium Mining and Metallurgy
Publication Period: Quarterly
Publication Place: Beijing
Language: Chinese
Supervisor: China National Nuclear Corporation
Organizer: Chinese Nuclear Society
Publisher: Editorial Board of Uranium Mining and Metallurgy
Editor in Chief: SU Xuebin
Tel: 8610-51674348, 51674124
E-mail: youkuangye@cnmstc.com
ISSN：1000-8063
CN：11-1969/TL
Postal Distribution Code: 82-745
Website: https://ykyi.cbpt.cnki.net
Mechanism Study and Conditions Optimization of Microelectric Field Coupled Microbial Remediation of Acidic Wastewater from In-situ Leaching Uranium Mining
HAN Zhaoshun;LIU Zhenzhong;LI Chunguang;LI Yongmei;TAN Kaixuan;ZHANG Yu;LIU Longcheng;Acidic wastewater generated by in-situ leaching uranium poses a serious threat to the groundwater environment. Aiming at the problems of long microbial remediation cycle, low survival rate and insufficient stability of electrokinetic remediation, a remediation method of microelectric field-coupled sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) was proposed. Through simulated wastewater remediation experiments, a three-chamber electrochemical device was constructed to explore the remediation mechanism and optimize the key parameters by combining the electromigration effect with the reduction function of SRB. The results show that the coupled remediation system significantly enhanced the uranium(VI) removal rate(more than 98%), and effectively reduced the concentrations of Ca, Mg, Al, Fe and other metal ions(removal rate>80%) and sulfate content(removal rate > 90%). Under the influence of an electric field, uranyl ions migrate to the cathode region, where they are predominantly reduced by S2- generated through the metabolic activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) and subsequently co-precipitated. A minor fraction is reduced to U(IV) via electrode reactions. Experiments show that the different potential gradients can lead to different pH in the cathode chamber, which affects the remediation effect, with H+ leading to the escape of S2- under acidic conditions(pH<4) and the formation of soluble uranium complexes easily under alkaline conditions(pH>9); with a potential gradient of 0.2～0.4 V/cm, the balancing remediation efficiency, microbial activity and energy economy. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the green and efficient remediation of acidic wastewater from uranium extraction by in-situ leaching technology.
Research on High-pressure Liquid Injection Technology in a Low-permeability Sandstone Uranium Mine
HOU Daiwen;LI Hongxing;LIU Shuangmin;HE Ke;Low-permeability sandstone uranium mine, with its poor permeability and high injection difficulty, has brought great challenges to the traditional in-situ leaching mining technology. In view of the current low permeability uranium mining problems, this paper discussed the innovative application of high-pressure liquid injection technology in the field of in-situ leaching mining and its effectiveness. Comparative tests were conducted to verify the effectiveness of high-pressure liquid injection technology, pumping liquid volume test and tracer test were carried out under atmospheric pressure and high-pressure conditions respectively. The test results show that compared with the atmospheric pressure condition, the high-pressure liquid injection technology increases the injection flow by 6.4 times, the pumping flow by 1.05 times and the seepage velocity by 33 times. High-pressure liquid injection technology can effectively solve the leachants injection problem in low-permeability sandstone uranium mine, and the technology is convenient to implement in the mine site.
Influence of Ore Shape on the Efficiency of Radioactive Sorting and Detection
ZHANG Chen;HOU Xianming;HOU Jiang;LI Shaohai;TIAN Yuhui;LI Guang;MA Jia;ZHANG Shouxun;The ore subjected to radioactive sorting treatment is crushed ore, with random shapes, which directly affects the accuracy of ore grade detection. To enhance the accuracy of radioactive separation detection, standard samples of uranium ore were prepared to conduct an influence test on how the shape of uranium ore affects detection efficiency. The relationship between the ore shape factor and the variation coefficient of detection efficiency was examined, leading to the establishment of a detection efficiency correction algorithm based on ore shape. Additionally, a quantification method for ore shape suitable for uranium ore radioactivity detection was proposed. The validity of the proposed detection efficiency correction algorithm has been verified through practical ore sorting tests. After implementing this algorithm, the error in uranium ore grade detection was reduced to less than 5% in over 70% of the test groups. This significantly mitigates the impact of ore shape on detection efficiency and enhances the accuracy of uranium ore grade detection.
Exploration and Research on Cavitation Technology of Liquid Flow in In-situ Leaching of Uranium
LIU Yang;ZHOU Genmao;LIU Ke;LI Yong;With the development of uranium mining, uranium mining technology has rapidly advanced, but various challenges have emerged. In the process of in-situ leaching of uranium, there is often a phenomenon of decreased pumping and injection volume, which seriously affects the efficiency of uranium leaching. In response to the problem of decreased pumping and injection volume, physical, chemical, and combined well cleaning techniques have been carried out. The washing technology can solve the blockage around the wells, but its washing effect lasts for a short time and has a small impact radius, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of decreased flow rate. The liquid flow cavitation technology is widely used in petroleum extraction, which can effectively increase the production of pumping wells and reduce the pressure of injection wells. However, it has not been involved in the in-situ of uranium process. In this paper, by comparing the difference between uranium leaching technology and petroleum technology, the cavitation device is optimized, and the drilling wellhead device is improved in the ground test, and then the liquid flow cavitation test is carried out. During the test, the operation displacement reached 2 m3/min and the pressure was about 21 MPa, which verified the feasibility of liquid flow cavitation technology in in-situ of uranium, and provided a new idea for improving the permeability of uranium mine.
Optimization of Leaching Process Parameters of Hard Rock Uranium Ore
KANG Jiahong;DENG Jianguo;CAO Biao;LIU Huan;SHI Liuyin;LIU Zaidao;LIU Jun;WANG Yingcai;MA Wentao;Due to the change in ore properties of a certain hard rock uranium mine with the increase of mining depth, the heap leaching process of the ore encountered the problem of heap scaling. In order to solve the problem, the effects of leaching agent acidity, spray intensity, column height and particle size on heap scaling were studied. The results show that when the acidity of the leaching agent is 50.0 g/L, the spray intensity is 40.0 L/(m2·h), and the leaching period is 30 days, there is no scaling in the column leaching test, and the uranium leaching rate of-10 mm ore reaches 83.40%. The results of the 800 t ore pilot test confirms that there is no scaling in the heap with high acidity and large spray intensity, and the uranium leaching rate reaches 86.57%.
Research Progress and Prospects of Adsorbent Materials for Uranium Extraction from Seawater
SHANG Ziming;WU Haotian;LI He;LI Ziming;GOU Yangfei;CHEN Shusen;The development of nuclear energy plays a vital role in the adjustment of national energy structure and environmental sustainability. The stable supply of natural uranium is essential for nuclear energy development. Given China's relatively limited terrestrial uranium reserves, extracting uranium resources from the vast oceanic territories holds significant strategic value. However, the complex and variable marine environment presents considerable challenges for conventional adsorbent materials and technologies to effectively separate uranium at extremely low concentrations, necessitating the urgent development of specialized adsorbent materials for uranium extraction from seawater. In recent years, researchers domestically and internationally have developed numerous uranium separation materials and conducted promising practical trials under seawater conditions. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest research progress in various seawater uranium extraction technologies based on the characteristics of different adsorbent materials, addresses the multifaceted technical challenges encountered in uranium extraction under real seawater conditions, and provides insights into future prospects for the development of uranium extraction technologies from seawater.
Research on Uranium Extraction Process of JH-1 Resin in High Chloride and High Mineralization Leaching Liquid System
SHEN Hongwei;SHI Zhenfeng;LAI Lei;REN Huaping;XIE Xiliang;In the leaching liquid system of a uranium deposit in Xinjiang,the content ofρ(Cl-) is high and the mineralization degree is high.When using traditional D382 weakly alkaline anion exchange resin to treat this system,the dynamic adsorption capacity of uranium is low15～30 mgU/mL(WR) and the uranium separation and enrichment efficiency is poor.This study systematically evaluated the adsorption performance of JH-1 macroporous weakly alkaline acrylic resin on the system.The results showed that JH-1 resin has special tertiary amine functional groups and a macroporous skeleton structure,exhibiting excellent selectivity for uranium complexes[UO 2 (CO3)2]2-and[UO2 (CO3)3]4-in CO_2+O2 neutral leachate.Its saturated adsorption capacity reached 60 mgU/mL(WR),which was 2.6 times higher than that of D382 resin.In the dynamic adsorption process,the adsorption efficiency of JH-1 resin for uranium reaches 98.85%,the leaching efficiency is 99%,and the uranium recovery rate is 82%.This resin effectively solves the problem of resin adsorption site competition and equipment scaling in high mineralization systems by suppressing the interference of competitive ions such as Cl-and SO2-4.It significantly reduces the consumption of raw materials such as hydrochloric acid and industrial salt,and reduces production costs by 23 000 yuan/tU,providing technical support for efficient development of sandstone uranium mines.
Environmental Impact of γ-rays from an Associated Radioactive Solid Waste Temporary Storage Facility
JIN Wei;DONG Chunming;WANG Libin;Associated radioactive solid waste is generated by associated mining enterprises during mining, beneficiation,and smelting processes. If not stored properly, it may pose potential radiation safety risks to the environment. To effectively assess the radiation impact on operators during the loading, unloading, and stacking of associated radioactive solid waste, this paper selects the waste storage process of an existing temporary storage facility for associated radioactive solid waste as an example. The radiation hazard factors evaluated mainly include γ rays generated by the decay of natural radionuclides in the associated solid waste and 222Rn generated by the decay of radionuclides. The evaluation results show that the γ radiation dose rate at external attention points of the waste temporary storage facility is less than 2.5 μGy/h, and the maximum annual radiation dose to operators does not exceed 4.1 m Sv/a, which is in compliance with relevant regulations. The above results indicate that after adopting certain shielding and ventilation measures in the associated solid waste temporary storage facility,the radiation dose to operators can be effectively controlled, reducing radiation safety risks.
Integrated Process of “CO_2+O2” Neutral Leaching and Uranium Hydrometallurgy
SHEN Hongwei;SHI Zhenfeng;REN Huaping;XIE Xiliang;LAI Lei;A uranium deposit in Xinjiang adopts the"CO_2+O2"neutral leaching process.When treating the leachate with a fixed bed,the resin's adsorption capacity is reduced with the increase in operating time,and there are problems such as long leaching and transformation operation cycles,and poor process connection.To solve this problem,the research has been conducted on the integrated process of resin saturation readsorption,hydrochloric acid transformation regeneration and water rinsing.The analysis reveals that resin pollutants mainly contain elements such as Ca,Fe,Al,etc.,and industrial hydrochloric acid can effectively detoxify them.This integrated process utilizes low concentration acidic qualified solution to disturb ion exchange equilibrium,promoting the conversion of UO2(CO3)34-to UO2Cl42-and achieving saturation re adsorption;the resin is transformed into chlorouranyl type and activated with hydrochloric acid transformation;during water washing,asρ(Cl-)decreases,UO2Cl42-gradually dissociates into UO22+.The results show that this process increases the resin capacity by more than twice,improves the leaching efficiency by 37%,shortens the operating time by 58.3%,and reduces the cost of hydrometallurgy by 61 700 yuan per ton of uranium,achieving the synergistic operation of resin detoxification,regeneration transformation,and uranium leaching.The integrated process provides an efficient solution for the"CO_2+O2"neutral leaching and uranium hydrometallurgy.
Solid Particulate Removal Methods and Process Optimization in the Hydrometallurgical System of an In-situ Leaching Uranium Mine
TIAN Shuang;CAO Junpeng;HU Rile;ZHOU Yuanjiang;LIU Tianyin;ZHUANG Zhixu;FENG Xiaogang;XU Zi'ang;With the continuous development of in-situ leaching uranium mining technology, how to effectively remove solid particles has become a key issue of in-situ leaching uranium mines. In this paper, the removal method of solid particles in an in-situ leaching uranium mine was studied in depth, and the process was optimized. Firstly, the principle of in-situ leaching uranium process was summarized. The sources of solid particles and their negative effects on production were described in detail, such as increasing the operating pressure of the system, reducing the permeability of the ore layer, and affecting the efficiency of uranium recovery. Then, the existing solid particle removal methods were analyzed. On this basis, a series of optimization strategies for solid particle removal process were proposed,including improving resin cleaning cycle, optimizing resin tower sequence, and increasing discharge process in adsorption process. Through experimental research and practical application case analysis, it is verified that the optimized process has significant effects in improving the removal efficiency of solid particles and improving the stability of system operation. The research results provide important technical support for the efficient production of in-situ leaching uranium mines.
ON THE THEORY OF AXIAL VARIATION AND BASIC RULES OF DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE OF ROCKS SURROUNDING UNDERGROUND EXCAVATIONS
Yu Xuefu (Beijing University of Iron and Steel Technology)At present, theories applied to explain stability of underground excavation have been undergoing a progress from the analogism of empirical engineering toward the scientific reasoning.(下转第7页)The significant marking of the progress proceeding from the recognization of the stress of virgin rock as an important influential factor,is the application of concrete analyses to the stress of rock surrounding the underground excavation and the modes of their deformation and destruction that are beyond the mechanical application of conventional rules for surface structures to approach underground problems, and hence entering into a new stage that scientific theories are being used to explain modes of stability of underground excavation, In this paper, the theory of axial variation and basic rules of deformation and destruction of surrounding rocks are emphatically discussed. Besides, conventional me thods for stabilization and maintenance of excavations and development of ground pressures are also described briefly.
Treatment technology of low concentration uranium-bearing wastewater and its research progress
WEI Guang-zhi,XU Le-chang(Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, CNNC,Beijing 101149,China)With growth of the discharged uraniumbearing wastewater capacity,a low cost and effective treatment technology is required to avoid transferring and diffusing of the radioactive nuclides.On the basis of analyses of the source and characteristics of the low-concentration uranium-bearing wastewater,the conventional treatment technologies,such as,flocculating settling,ion exchange,concentration,adsorption,and some innovatory technologies,such as,membrane,microorganism,phytoremediation and zero-valent iron technology are introduced.
[Downloads: 2,715 ] [Citations: 237 ] [Reads: 10 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
INTRODUCTION TO COMMON SOFTWARE PRODUCTS MODELING GROUNDWATER
XU Le chang(Research Institute of Uranium Mining, CNNC, Hengyang 421001, China)Groundwater Modeling is playing an increasingly important role in researching into groundwater.Now hundreds of software products modeling groundwater are available.This paper introduces main functions and features of some common software products,such as GMS,Visual MODFLOW,Visual Groundwater,PHREEQC,HST3D,TNTmips,and moreover,presents steps in modeling protocol.
DETERMINATION OF RADON EDUCTION RATE AND EXPLORATION ON ITS INFLUENCE FACTORS
LI Ren jie [WT5”BZ][ST5”BZ](Jinyuan Uranium Corporation, CNNC, Beijing 100822, China)Methods of determination of radon eduction rate in uranium mining and hydrome tallurgy system are discribed.Its influence factors such as precipitation,air pressure,air temperature,ground temperature,and humidity etc.are explored.
Research advances in treatment technology of radioactive wastewater
LI Xiao-yan,ZHANG Ye(Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering,East China Institute of Technology,Fuzhou 344000,China)Traditional treatment technologies on radioactive wastewater such as flocculating sedimentation,ion exchange,evaporation concentration and adsorption method at home and abroad are reviewed,and the latest research progress such as membrane method,biological treatment,magnetic-molecules method,inert curing method and permeable reactive(zero-valent iron) barriers technology are introduced.
Treatment technology of low concentration uranium-bearing wastewater and its research progress
WEI Guang-zhi,XU Le-chang(Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, CNNC,Beijing 101149,China)With growth of the discharged uraniumbearing wastewater capacity,a low cost and effective treatment technology is required to avoid transferring and diffusing of the radioactive nuclides.On the basis of analyses of the source and characteristics of the low-concentration uranium-bearing wastewater,the conventional treatment technologies,such as,flocculating settling,ion exchange,concentration,adsorption,and some innovatory technologies,such as,membrane,microorganism,phytoremediation and zero-valent iron technology are introduced.
[Downloads: 2,715 ] [Citations: 237 ] [Reads: 10 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
A summary of studies on mine wastewater treatment
MA Yao,HU Bao-qun,SUN Zhan-xue(East China Institute of Technology,Fuzhou 344000,China)The composition of mine wastewater is complicated and is harmful to the environment.The mine wastewater treatment methods include mainly neutralization,constructed wetland and microorganism methods.The three methods are summarized,with focus on the microorganism method.The mechanisms,characteristics and influencing factors of the sulfate reducing bacteria and the iron oxidizing bacteria are discribed in detail.The treatment methods of uranium mine wastewater are presented.
INTRODUCTION TO COMMON SOFTWARE PRODUCTS MODELING GROUNDWATER
XU Le chang(Research Institute of Uranium Mining, CNNC, Hengyang 421001, China)Groundwater Modeling is playing an increasingly important role in researching into groundwater.Now hundreds of software products modeling groundwater are available.This paper introduces main functions and features of some common software products,such as GMS,Visual MODFLOW,Visual Groundwater,PHREEQC,HST3D,TNTmips,and moreover,presents steps in modeling protocol.
Research advances in treatment technology of radioactive wastewater
LI Xiao-yan,ZHANG Ye(Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering,East China Institute of Technology,Fuzhou 344000,China)Traditional treatment technologies on radioactive wastewater such as flocculating sedimentation,ion exchange,evaporation concentration and adsorption method at home and abroad are reviewed,and the latest research progress such as membrane method,biological treatment,magnetic-molecules method,inert curing method and permeable reactive(zero-valent iron) barriers technology are introduced.
Research advances in adsorption of heavy metals by algae
ZHANG Yong-liang1,ZHANG Hao-jiang2,XIE Shui-bo1,TANG Dong-shan1,CHEN Shan1,WANG Shui-yun1(1.Pollution Control and Resource Technology Key Laboratory of Hunan Province,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;2.School of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)Algae has a strong ability to enrich heavy metal ions.It can be used as biological adsorbent to remove and recover the heavy metals in industrial wastewater.The basic features of algae,the adsorption mechanisms and ion exchange of the toxic heavy metals are introduced.Key factors of influencing algae adsorption,such as pH value,adsorption time,coexistence ions and pretreatment are explained.Thermodynamics and dynamics of algae adsorption are also discussed.The research directions are presented.
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